A heat exchanger unit, often called a heat exchange station or HVAC equipment, is a complete, integrated device that transfers heat from a primary-side heat source to secondary-side circulating water (such as residential heating and domestic hot water) through a heat exchanger.
The heating equipment is a complete set of regional heating control equipment that integrates a plate heat exchanger, a circulation pump, a water supply pump, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, various sensors, pipes and valves, and industrial control. It is also equipped with a constant pressure water supply system, a water treatment system, a variable frequency flow control system, a calorimeter, and a network communication control system to meet the control function configuration requirements of different levels.
Heat exchanger: The heart of the unit, where heat exchange occurs. (The most commonly used is the plate heat exchanger, due to its high heat transfer efficiency and compact structure. There are also shell and tube heat exchangers, etc.)
Circulation pump: Provides power for the hot water in the secondary side heating system, so that it circulates continuously between the radiator and heat exchange unit in the room.
Control system:
The "brain" of the unit, typically consisting of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), temperature sensors, pressure sensors, electric control valves, and a touchscreen human-machine interface. By monitoring the secondary-side supply and return water temperatures or the outdoor temperature, it automatically adjusts the valve opening of the primary-side heat source (steam or high-temperature water), thereby precisely controlling the secondary-side outlet water temperature, achieving on-demand heating and energy-saving operation.
Electric regulating valve: installed on the primary side heat source pipeline, receives instructions from the control system, and automatically opens or closes to control the flow of heat medium entering the heat exchanger.
Filter: Installed on the primary and secondary side pipes to intercept impurities in the water (such as rust and scale) and protect equipment such as heat exchangers and water pumps from blockage and wear.
Instruments and valves: including pressure gauges, thermometers, safety valves, check valves, stop valves, etc. They are used to monitor system operating parameters (pressure, temperature), ensure that the system operates within a safe range, and facilitate maintenance and repair.
Pipes and racks: All components are connected into a complete system and fixed on a sturdy rack to form a compact and neat overall equipment.
Working Principle:
1. Heat Source Inflow: High-temperature water or steam (primary-side heat medium) from a regional boiler room or thermal power plant enters the heat exchanger unit.
2. Heat exchange: The high-temperature heat medium on the primary side flows through the heat exchanger, transferring its heat to the lower-temperature secondary circulating water flowing on the other side (i.e., the water that goes to the user's home).
3. Temperature Control: The control system uses a temperature sensor to detect the outlet water temperature on the secondary side. If the temperature is too high, it closes the primary side electric control valve to reduce the heat transfer flow; if the temperature is too low, it opens the valve to increase the heat transfer flow.
4. Hot water circulation: The heated secondary circulating water is driven by a circulation pump and transported through the pipe network to radiators or floor heating pipes in thousands of households to dissipate heat.
5. Heat release and return: After releasing heat in the user's home,
the secondary side return water with a lower water temperature is pumped back to the heat exchanger unit by the circulation pump and re-enters the heat exchanger to be heated. This cycle repeats itself to form a closed loop.
Residential heating heat exchanger unit: winter heating for residential areas, office buildings, schools, hospitals, shopping malls, etc.
Domestic hot water: hot water supply for hotels, guesthouses, swimming pools, public baths, etc.
Industrial field: heating and cooling in process flow, and heating of factory buildings.
District Cooling: In summer, by connecting to cold water, chilled water for air conditioning can be provided to buildings.
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